Alloy Steel

Product Details:

C15 is a plain carbon steel with a nominal 0.15% carbon content. It is a relatively low strength steel but it may be quenched and tempered for increased streng

Chemical Composition:

Mechanical Properties:

Physical Properties(avarage values) at ambient temperature:

Application:

• The low carbon steels, such as C15 are used for applications such as cold headed fasteners and bolts.

Stress Annealing:

• Stress relieving to remove machining stresses should be carried out by heating to approx. 540°C, holding for 1-2 hours at heat, followed by air cooling. This operation is performed to reduce distortion during heat treatment

Machinability:

• Machinability of C15 steel is fairly good, especially in the cold drawn or cold worked condition. Based upon carbon steel AIS11112 as a reference that is considered 100% machinable (easily machined) the C10 steel has a rating of 55%.

Product Details:

Chemical Composition:

Mechanical Properties:




Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion 10^-6 °C^-1:

Physical Properties(avarage values) at ambient temperature:

Product Details:

Chemical Composition:

Mechanical Properties:

Product Details:

EN1A is a very popular grade of low carbon-manganese free cutting steel, which is most suitable for the manufacture of repetition turned components, such as nuts, bolts, hydraulic fittings and studs, particularly where intricate drilling and machining operations are involved. It can be case-hardened, producing components with enhanced wear resistance.

EN1A, also known as 230M07. EN1A is low carbon mild steel. Properties: free cutting, suitable for machining using both automatic and CNC machines. Available in square, round, flat or hexagon form. Equivalent to AISI 1113.

Chemical Composition:

Mechanical Properties:

EN1A Equivalents:

Heat Treatment:

• Carbonisation of EN1A bright mild steel takes place at 900-950°C (1652°F- 1742°F) then it is furnace or air cooled.
• En1A can be tempered at 180-210 °C (356 °F- 410°F) then should be left to cool in air.
• The mild steel can be hardened at 780-800°C (1436°F- 1472°F) then quenched in oil or water. However this is difficult to do with EN1A and is not recommended.

Product Details:

EN32A is a high quality low carbon steel .After forming ,carburizing or nitriding process and quenching or other heat treatment, a structural part with wear-resistant surface and tough core can be achieved.

Chemical Composition:

Mechanical Properties:

Thermal Properties:

Product Details:

Forging:

• Forge at 1000°/1050°C. Heat slowly, allowing sufficient time at the forging temperature for the steel to be thoroughly soaked through. Re-heat as often as necessary to keep the temperature above 850°C. After forging cool very slowly, preferably in a furnace.

Annealing:

• Heat uniformly to 800°C, equalize, then furnace cool. (Hardness about 229 Brinell).

Stress Relieving:

• If machining operations have been heavy or if the tool has an unbalanced section, remove stresses before hardening by heating up to 700°C, equalize, then cool slowly.

Hardening:

• Heat uniformly to 800/820°C until heated through. Allow 30 minutes per inch of ruling section and quench immediately in oil.

Tempering:

• Heat uniformly and thoroughly at the selected tempering temperatures and hold for at least one hour per inch of total thickness

Physical Properties:

Mechanical Properties:

Heat Treatment:

Product Details:

Chemical Composition:

Physical Properties:

Thermal Properties:

Other Designations:

Heat Treatment:

• H11 tool steels are preheated to 816°C (1500°F). Then the steels are directly heated by increasing the temperature to 1010°C (1850°F) followed by holding for 15 to 40 mins. The steels are then air-quenched.

Forging:

• H11 tool steels are forged at 1121°C (2050°F). For this type of steels, forging below 899°C (1650°F) is not preferable.

Annealing:

• H11 tool steels are annealed at 871°C (1600°F) and slowly cooled at 4°C (40°F) in the furnace.

Tempering:

• Tempering is carried out on H11 tool steels at temperature ranging from 538 to 649°C (1000 to 1200°F) to obtain Rockwell C hardness of 54 to 38. Double tempering can also be performed in these steels every one hour at the preferred tempering temperature.

 

Application:

• H11 tool steels are suitable for designing highly stressed structural parts such as aircraft landing gear.

Product Details:

Chemical Composition:

Thermal Properties:

Physical Properties:

Forging:

• HForging of D2 steels can be done from 1065ºC (1950ºF) down to 954ºC (1750ºF). Do not forge below 926ºC (1700ºF).

Annealing:

• D2 is supplied in the annealed and machineable condition. Re-annealing will only be necessary if the steel has been forged or hardened by the toolmaker. To anneal, heat slowly and uniformly to 900°C. Soak for three to four hours and allow to cool in the furnace to room temperature. Re-heat to 800-1040°C and again soak for three to four hours. Allow to cool in the furnace to room temperature.

Hardening:

• It is preferable to heat the tools in a controlled atmosphere. If this is not possible, pack hardening is recommended. A reducing atmosphere is desirable. Pre heat the D2 tool steel component to 750-800°C. and allow to soak at this temperature. The tools may then be brought up to 1000-1040°C for air cooling, or 980°C for oil quenching. Soak thoroughly at the temperature for thirty minutes per 25mm of ruling section, then cool or quench accordingly. It is important not to exceed 1020°C when heating for hardening.

Application:

• Tool steel P20+S is ideally suited for the production of moulds where improved machinability is required. Typical applications include bolsters and injection moulds, die holders and zinc die casting dies. P20S is a versatile plastic mould tool steel with high tensile characteristics suitable for many other applications such as shafts and wear strips.A popular grade for toolmakers, D2 is used in a wide variety of tool making applications. Typical applications include blanking dies and punches for sheet in stainless steel, brass, copper, zinc and hard abrasive materials generally. Other application include deep drawing dies, cupping dies, forming dies, sheet metal forming rolls, shear blades for strip and sheet including flying shears, circular cutters for cold rolled strip,

Product Details:

Chemical Composition:

Mechanical Properties:

Applications:

• EN42J is suitable for a wide variety of spring applications including flat springs, clutches, knives, doctor blades, saw blades, agricultural tools, wood cutting saws, shims, knives, blades, shims, washers, masonry tools.

Heat Treatment:

• When heat treating EN42 temperatures, including rate of heating, cooling and soaking times etc. will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each component. Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium and work piece transfer facilities. Please consult your heat treatment provider for full guidance on heat treatment of spring steels.

Welding:

• We recommend you contact your welding consumables supplier who should provide you full assistance and information on welding EN42J steel.

Product Details:

Chemical Composition:

Chemical Composition:

Thermal Properties:

Heat Treatment:

• D2 steels should be preheated very slowly to 815ºC (1500ºF) and then temperature can be increased to 1010ºC (1850ºF). They are then held at 1010ºC (1850ºF) for 20 to 45 minutes and air cooled (air quenched).

Annealing:

• D2 is supplied in the annealed and machineable condition. Re-annealing will only be necessary if the steel has been forged or hardened by the toolmaker. To anneal, heat slowly and uniformly to 900°C. Soak for three to four hours and allow to cool in the furnace to room temperature. Re-heat to 800-1040°C and again soak for three to four hours. Allow to cool in the furnace to room temperature.

Tempering:

• D2 steels can be tempered at 204ºC (400ºF) for achieving Rockwell C hardness of 61 and at 537ºC (1000ºF) for a Rockwell C hardness of 54.

Applications:

• A popular grade for toolmakers, D2 is used in a wide variety of tool making applications. Typical applications include blanking dies and punches for sheet in stainless steel, brass, copper, zinc and hard abrasive materials generally. Other application include deep drawing dies, cupping dies, forming dies, sheet metal forming rolls, shear blades for strip and sheet including flying shears, circular cutters for cold rolled strip, trimmer dies, thread rolling dies, cold extrusion dies, broaches, plug gauges, ring gauges, special taps, straybolt taps, brick and tile mould liners, master hobs for cold hobbing plastic moulds and cut moulds for plastics.

 

Final Grinding:

• Select the correct grade of wheel in consultation with the grinding wheel manufacturer. Ensure the grinding wheel is in good condition by means of a suitable dressing tool. Wet grinding is a preferable option using a copious supply of coolant. If dry grinding is resorted to then use a very soft wheel.

 

Product Details:

The chemical composition of M42 molybdenum high speed tool steel is outlined in the following table.

Physical Properties:

Mechanical Properties:

Machinability:

• M42 tool steel can be drilled, turned, threaded, broached, milled and tapped when it is in its annealed condition and rated at 45% of 1% carbon steel.

Forging:

• M42 molybdenum high speed tool steel is preheated to 871°C (1599°F) in a slow manner and then soaked. This is followed by rapid heating to 1093°C (1999°F) and slow cooling. Temperatures below 982°C (1799°F) are not suitable for the forging process.

Tempering:

• M42 tool steel is tempered for three times at 538-593°C (1000-1099°F) and then cooled completely between cycles to obtain good results. Tempering is performed in vacuum furnaces or in salt baths.

Annealing:

• M42 tool steel is heated at 871°C (1599°F) and then cooled slowly in a furnace.

Hardening:

• M42 tool steel is preheated to 871°C (1599°F), soaked and finally heated to 1204°C (2199°F)